Made in China 2025 (1)

The manufacturing industry is the main body of the national economy, which is the basis of the founding of the state, the organ of the nation and the foundation of the great power.Since the beginning of industrial civilization in the middle of the 18th century, the rise and fall of the world's great powers and the struggle of the Chinese nation have repeatedly shown that there is no strong manufacturing industry and no national and national strength.To build a manufacturing industry with international competitiveness is the only way for China to improve its overall national strength, safeguard national security and build a world power.

Since the founding of new China, especially since the reform and opening up, China's manufacturing industry sustained and rapid development, build the efficience, independent complete industrial system, vigorously promote industrialization and modernization process, significantly enhance the comprehensive national strength, to support my world power status.However, compared with the world's advanced level, our country manufacturing industry is big but not strong, in the capacity for independent innovation, the resources use efficiency, industrial structure level, the degree of informationization, quality benefit obvious gap, transformation and upgrading and span development of urgent and arduous task.

At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation and China's accelerating transformation of the mode of economic development has formed a historic intersection, and the international industrial division of labor is being remade.Must seize the historical opportunity, in accordance with the requirements for "comprehensive" four strategic layout, implement the strategy of manufacturing power, strengthen the overall planning and foresight deployment, through ten years of effort, three to one hundred, the founding of new China, the construction of our country become a manufacturing powerhouse, leading the world manufacturing industry development in order to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation of China dream to lay a solid foundation.

"Made in China 2025" is the programme of action of China's first decade to implement the strategy of manufacturing power.

1. Development situation and environment

(a) the global manufacturing landscape is facing a major adjustment

The new generation of information technology is deeply integrated with the manufacturing industry, which is causing far-reaching industrial changes, forming new production modes, industrial forms, business models and economic growth points.All countries are stepping up their technological innovation, pushing for new breakthroughs in 3D printing, mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, bio-engineering, new energy and new materials.Intelligent equipment, intelligent factory and other intelligent manufacturing based on information physical system are leading the transformation of manufacturing mode.Network crowdsourcing, collaborative design, mass customization, precision supply chain management, life-cycle management and e-commerce are reshaping the industrial value chain system.Smart terminal products such as wearable smart products, smart appliances and smart cars are expanding into new areas of manufacturing.China's manufacturing transformation and upgrading, innovation and development of major opportunities.

The global industry competition pattern is undergoing major adjustment, and our country faces great challenges in the new round of development.In the wake of the international financial crisis, developed countries have implemented the strategy of "reindustrialization", reshaped the new advantages of manufacturing competition and accelerated the new round of global trade and investment.Some developing countries are also speeding up planning and distribution, actively participating in global industry redivision, undertaking industry and capital transfer, and expanding international market space.Manufacturing industry in our country faces the developed countries and other developing countries "two-way extrusion" severe challenges, must think globally, tightening strategy, focus on the construction of manufacturing powerhouse, thrift school, turn challenges into opportunities, preemption manufacturing a new round of competition.

Major changes have taken place in China's economic development environment

With the development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, the potential of large domestic demand has been released, providing a broad space for China's manufacturing industry.Industries new equipment requirements, the masses new consumer demand, social management and public service the new demand of the people's livelihood, national defense construction new security requirements, all requirements in major manufacturing technology and equipment innovation, quality and safety of consumer goods, public service facilities supply and defense equipment support increase rapidly in level and ability.Comprehensively deepening reform and further opening up will continue to stimulate the vitality and creativity of the manufacturing sector and promote the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industries.China's economic development has entered a new normal and manufacturing development faces new challenges.Resources and environmental constraints, unceasingly strengthens, rising cost of labor and other production factors investment and export growth slowed markedly, which rely on resource inputs, unsustainable model scale expansion of extensive development, adjust the structure, the transformation and upgrading, quality, and the efficiency is of great urgency.To form a new driving force for economic growth, and to shape the new advantages of international competition, focus on manufacturing, difficult in manufacturing, and the way out in manufacturing.

The task of building a powerful country is arduous and urgent

After decades of rapid development, China's manufacturing industry scale ranked first, established a comprehensive, independent complete manufacturing system, become the important foundation and support China's economic and social development important force to promote the development of world economy.Continuous technological innovation has greatly improved the comprehensive competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.Manned space and manned deep-sea, large aircraft, beidou satellite navigation, supercomputers, high-speed rail equipment, million kilowatt power generation equipment, thousands of meters deep sea oil drilling equipment and so on one batch of significant breakthroughs in technology and equipment, has formed a number of internationally competitive advantage industries and backbone enterprises, the country has the construction of infrastructure and conditions of the industrial powers.

However, China is still in the process of industrialization, compared with the advanced countries.The manufacturing industry is large and not strong, the independent innovation ability is weak, the key core technology and the high-end equipment external dependence is high, the enterprise is the main body manufacturing innovation system is not perfect;The product class is not high, lacks the world famous brand;The low efficiency of resource utilization and the outstanding environmental pollution problem;The industrial structure is unreasonable, the high-end equipment manufacturing and producer service industry lag behind.The information level is not high, and the integration of industrialization is not enough;The industrial internationalization degree is not high, the enterprise globalization management ability is insufficient.To build a strong country, we must focus on solving the above problems.

Construction manufacturing powerhouse, must grasp the rare strategic opportunity and the challenge actively, strengthen the overall planning, highlight the innovation drive, special policy, making full use of the advantages of system and mobilizing all social forces to work hard, rely more on equipment, relying on the Chinese brand in China, to realize the change of made in China to created in China, China's speed to the transformation of the Chinese quality, Chinese products to the Chinese brand, made in China by the big teams strategic task.

Ii. Strategic principles and objectives

(1) guiding ideology

Fully implement the party's 18 large and 18 fourth plenary session of 2, 3, spirit, adhere to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, in order to promote innovation and development as the theme, manufacturing to quality, and the efficiency as the center, to speed up the depth of a new generation of information technology and manufacturing integration as the main line, in order to promote the intelligent manufacturing as the main direction, in order to meet the economic and social development and national defense construction of major technical equipment demand as the goal, to strengthen the ability of industrial base, improve the level of comprehensive integration, perfect multi-level multi-type cultivation system, promoting the transformation and upgrading of the industry, cultivating manufacturing culture with Chinese characteristics, implement manufacturing from the history of the big teams.

The basic policy is:

-- innovation-driven.Adhere to the innovation of core position, on the global manufacturing industry development, perfect the institutional environment conducive to innovation, promote interdisciplinary cross-industry collaborative innovation, breakthrough key generic technology, a number of key areas to promote manufacturing intelligent digital network, innovation driven development road.

Quality first.We will continue to take quality as the lifeline of building a strong country, strengthen the responsibility of enterprise quality, strengthen the quality technology, and cultivate our own brand.The construction of the standard system, the quality supervision system, the advanced quality culture, the construction of the market environment of integrity management, and the development path of quality victory.

-- green development.We will continue to make sustainable development an important point of building a great power, and strengthen the application of energy conservation and environmental protection technologies, technologies and equipment to comprehensively promote cleaner production.Developing circular economy, improving the efficiency of recycling and utilization of resources, building a green manufacturing system and taking the development path of ecological civilization.

-- structural optimization.We will continue to make structural adjustment a key step in building a strong country, vigorously develop advanced manufacturing industries, upgrade traditional industries, and promote the transformation of production-oriented manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing.We will optimize the layout of industrial space and foster a number of industrial clusters and groups of enterprises with core competitiveness to improve the development path of quality and efficiency.

-- talent is the asset.Adhere to the talent as the fundamental construction of manufacturing power, establish and improve the scientific and reasonable candidates, choose and employ persons, education system, accelerate the cultivation of manufacturing development is badly in need of professional and technical personnel and management talents, skills, talents.Build a mass entrepreneurship and innovation atmosphere, build a high-quality, well-structured manufacturing talent team, the development of talent guidance.

(ii) basic principles

Market led, government led.We will comprehensively deepen reform, give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources, strengthen the enterprise's main position, and stimulate its vitality and creativity.We will actively transform government functions, strengthen strategic research and planning guidance, improve relevant support policies and create a favorable environment for enterprise development.

Focus on the present and focus on the long term.In order to restrict the bottleneck and weak links of manufacturing development, accelerate the transformation and upgrading and improve the quality and efficiency of the manufacturing industry, and effectively improve the core competitiveness and sustainable development capacity of the manufacturing industry.To accurately grasp the new round of scientific and technological revolution and the trend of industrial change, strengthen strategic planning and forward deployment, and build a solid foundation for the future competition.

Overall advance, key breakthrough.Adhere to the game and classification instruction in the country, the combination of manufacturing development overall planning, rational layout, innovation and development direction, promote the development of the depth of civil-military integration, promote the overall level of manufacturing.We will integrate resources, focus on key projects and implement a number of major projects around the development of economic and social development and national security.Independent development and open cooperation.In the basic, strategic and overall area of relationship of national economy and people's livelihood and industrial security, we should master key core technologies and improve industrial chains to form independent development capacity.We will continue to expand opening up, take advantage of global resources and markets, and strengthen global distribution and international exchanges and cooperation to create new comparative advantages and improve the level of opening-up and development of manufacturing industries.

(iii) strategic objectives

Based on the national conditions and based on the reality, we strive to achieve the strategic goal of making great power through "three steps".

Step 1: strive for a decade to become a great power.

By 2020, basic industrialization will be achieved, the status of manufacturing powers will be further consolidated and the level of information technology in manufacturing will be greatly improved.We have mastered a number of key core technologies in key areas, which have enhanced competitiveness and improved product quality.Significant progress has been made in the digitization, networking and intellectualization of manufacturing.The energy consumption, material consumption and pollutant discharge of industrial added value of key industries are significantly reduced.

By 2025, the overall quality of the manufacturing industry will be greatly improved, and the innovation capacity will be significantly enhanced. The total labor productivity of the whole staff will be significantly improved, and the integration of the two countries (industrialization and informatization) will be upgraded to a new level.The energy consumption, material consumption and pollutant emission of the industrial added value of key industrial sectors reached the advanced level of the world.The formation of a number of transnational corporations and industrial clusters with strong international competitiveness has been significantly enhanced in the global industrial division and value chain.

Step two: by 2035, China's manufacturing industry as a whole will reach the middle level of the world's manufacturing power.

The innovation capacity has been greatly improved, major breakthroughs have been made in key areas, and the overall competitiveness has been significantly enhanced. The dominant industries have formed a global innovation leading capacity and fully industrialized.

Step 3: in the 100 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the position of manufacturing powers has been consolidated and the comprehensive strength has entered the forefront of the world's manufacturing power.The main fields of manufacturing industry have the innovation and leading ability and obvious competitive advantage, and build the world's leading technology system and industrial system.

The main indicators of manufacturing in 2020 and 2025

Category indicator

2025 in 2015

The internal expenditure of the r&d expenditure of the manufacturing industry above the scale of innovation capacity (%) is 0.88

0.95

1.26

1.68

The number of patents on the main business revenue per billion yuan of manufacturing per billion yuan is 0.36 0.44 0.70 1.10

Mass effect

The manufacturing quality competitiveness index was 283.1

83.5

84.5

85.5

Increase in value-added in manufacturing -

That's up two percentage points from 2015

That's four percentage points higher than in 2015

The growth rate of labor productivity of all workers in the manufacturing industry

(%) -

Around 7.5 (average annual growth rate during the 13th five-year plan period) (average annual growth rate of the 14th five-year plan)

Convergence broadband penetration rate of two - integrated three (%) 37

Digital r&d tool penetration rate 4 (%) 52

Critical process control rate 5 (%) 27

The amount of energy consumption per unit of industrial added value of green development is reduced

Down from 2015

18%

Down from 2015

34%

The decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of industrial added value

Down from 2015

22%

Down from 2015

40%

The amount of water consumption per unit of industrial added value decreased

Down from 2015

23%

Down from 2015

41%

Comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste (%) 62

1. The number of patents on the main business income of the above manufacturing industry shall be the number of patents equal to the number of patents in which the manufacturing enterprises are able to invent patents.

2. The manufacturing quality competitiveness index reflects the overall level of economic and technical indicators, manufacturing quality from two aspects of quality and development ability calculates a total of 12 specific indicators.

3. Broadband penetration rate is used for fixed broadband family penetration rate, fixed broadband household penetration = fixed broadband family number/household number.

4. The research and development of digital design tools penetration = application research and development of digital design tools/the number of enterprises above designated size enterprises above designated size total number (related data from 3 m sample firms, hereinafter the same).

5. The numerical control rate of key processes is the average of the numerical control rate of key processes of industrial enterprises above the scale.

Iii. Strategic tasks and priorities

To realize the strategic goal of manufacturing power, we must stick to the problem orientation, make overall plans and highlight the key points.We must pool the consensus of the whole society, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing, and comprehensively improve the quality of development and core competitiveness.

(1) improving the innovation capacity of the country's manufacturing sector

We will improve the manufacturing innovation system based on the combination of enterprises as the main body, the market as the guide, and the government and industry research and development.We will deploy innovation chains around the industrial chain, allocate resource chains around the innovation chain, strengthen key core technologies, accelerate the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, and improve innovation capabilities in key links and key areas.

We will strengthen research and development of key core technologies.Strengthened enterprise technology innovation main body status, support enterprises to improve innovation ability, promote the national technology innovation demonstration enterprises and enterprise technology center construction, fully absorb the enterprises to participate in decision-making and implementation of the national science and technology plan.Aiming at the major strategic needs of the country and the commanding heights of future industrial development, we will regularly study and formulate a roadmap for technical innovation in key areas of manufacturing industry.We will continue to implement major national science and technology projects, and support key core technologies through national science and technology programs (special funds, etc.).The industry backbone enterprises play a leading role and the basis of institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes, set up a batch of industrial innovation alliance, to carry out the political study in collaborative innovation, conquer a batch of industry overall competitiveness will guide strong key generic technology of whole construction machinery, which have influence on the whole, speed up the achievements.

Improve the creative design ability.We will carry out innovative design demonstrations in key areas such as traditional manufacturing, strategic emerging industries and modern services, and comprehensively promote the application of advanced design technologies featuring green, smart and collaborative features.Key technology research and development, strengthening design domain commonness conquer informatization integration design, process design, complex process and system design of generic technology, developed a batch of key design tools software with independent intellectual property rights, building perfect innovative design of ecological system.Construction of a number of innovative design cluster has the world influence, cultivate a group of professional, open industrial design companies, foundry enterprises are encouraged to set up the design center, to design and export its own brand products.Develop various innovative design education, establish national industrial design award, inspire the initiative and initiative of innovation design in the whole society.

We will promote industrialization of scientific and technological achievements.Perfect the operation mechanism of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, industrialization of research for promoting transformation of scientific and technological achievements and guidance, to establish perfect information publishing and sharing platform of scientific and technological achievements, and perfecting the technology market as the core of technology transfer and industrialization of service system.We will improve the transformation and incentive mechanism for scientific and technological achievements, promote the use of scientific and technological achievements in public institutions, and reform of the management of revenue management, and improve the scientific evaluation and market pricing mechanism of scientific and technological achievements.Perfection of the mechanism of transformation of scientific and technological achievements synergy propulsion, zheng production use in accordance with the laws of the market and innovation to strengthen cooperation, enterprises and social capital are encouraged to set up a batch of technology integration, maturation and the experimental base for the engineering.We will accelerate the transformation and industrialization of national defense scientific and technological achievements and promote two-way transfer of military and civilian technology.

We will improve the national manufacturing innovation system.Strengthen the top-level design, we will accelerate the establishment of a carrier with innovation center as the core, with public service platform and engineering data center as important support network for manufacturing innovation, establish a market-oriented innovation direction selection mechanism and encourage innovation risk-sharing, benefit sharing mechanism.Make full use of existing resources of science and technology, manufacturing major generality demand, take the government, political and social cooperation study with new mechanisms and patterns such as industrial innovation strategic alliance, formed a group of manufacturing innovation center (industrial technology research base), develop key common major technology research and industrialization to demonstrate the application.Construction of a batch of collaborative innovation public service platform, promote manufacturing standard service standards, to carry out technology research and development, testing, evaluation, technology trade, quality certification, training and professional services, to promote transformation of scientific and technological achievements and application.Construction of manufacturing engineering data center in key areas to provide enterprises with innovative knowledge and open sharing services for engineering data.We will build a number of major scientific research and experiment facilities, improve the core enterprise system integration capability and promote the high-end extension of the value chain.

Column 1 manufacturing innovation center (industrial technology research base) construction project

Around the transformation and upgrading of key industries and a new generation of information technology, intelligent manufacturing, material manufacturing, new materials, biological medicine in areas such as innovation and development of great generality demand, formed a group of manufacturing innovation center (industrial technology research base), based on the industry and common key technology research and development, the achievement industrialization, personnel training, etc.To formulate standards and procedures for the selection, assessment and management of manufacturing innovation centers.By 2020, we will focus on 15 manufacturing innovation centers (industrial technology research bases), aiming to form 40 manufacturing innovation centers (industrial technology research bases) by 2025.

We will strengthen the standard system.We will reform the standard system and the standardized management system, organize the implementation of the manufacturing standardization improvement plan, and carry out comprehensive standardization work in key areas such as intelligent manufacturing.We should play an important role in the formulation of standards, support the establishment of a key field of standard advance alliance, build a standard innovation research base, and jointly promote product development and standard formulation.To formulate the group standards that meet the needs of the market and innovation, and set up the standard of self-disclosure and supervision of enterprise products and service standards.We will encourage and support enterprises, research institutes and industry organizations to participate in international standards and speed up the process of international standards internationalization.We will vigorously promote the use of advanced civilian standards for defense equipment and promote the transformation and application of military technical standards to the civilian sector.Carry out the standard publicity and implementation, vigorously promote the standard implementation.

We will strengthen the use of intellectual property.We will strengthen key core technology intellectual property reserves in key areas of manufacturing, and build an industrial-oriented patent portfolio and strategic layout.Encourage and support enterprises to use the intellectual property rights to participate in market competition, and cultivate a batch of have the advantage of the comprehensive strength of intellectual property, support the formation of intellectual property rights alliance, promoting the market main body to carry out collaborative use intellectual property.We will prudently promote the intellectual property rights of defense and market application.We will establish and improve the mechanism for evaluating intellectual property rights, encourage and support industry backbone enterprises and specialized agencies to cooperate in patent evaluation, acquisition, operation, risk early warning and response in key areas.We will build a comprehensive public service platform for intellectual property rights.Encourage the development of transnational intellectual property rights.To study and formulate policy measures to reduce the application, protection and protection of intellectual property rights of small and medium-sized enterprises.